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Dunkin' Donuts is an American global doughnut company and coffeehouse chain based in Canton, Massachusetts in Greater Boston. It was founded in 1950 by William Rosenberg in Quincy, Massachusetts. Since its founding, the company has grown to become one of the largest coffee and baked goods chains in the world, with 11,000 restaurants in 33 countries. The chain's products include doughnuts, bagels, other baked goods, and a wide variety of hot and iced beverages. The company primarily competes with Starbucks, as over half the company's business is in coffee sales, as well as with Krispy Kreme Doughnuts and Honey Dew Donuts. Before 1990, Dunkin' Donuts' primary competitor was Mister Donut, but in February of that year Mister Donut was acquired by Dunkin' Donuts' owner Allied-Lyons.〔Sauter, Michael B. and Alexander E. M. Hess. (Famous Restaurant Chains That Are Hard to Find ). Page 2. 247wallst.com〕 After the acquisition of Mister Donut by Allied-Lyons, all Mister Donut stores in North America were offered the chance to change their name to Dunkin' Donuts.〔 , Dunkin' Donuts is owned by Dunkin' Brands Inc., which also owns Baskin-Robbins and previously owned the Togo's chain. ==History== The name has evolved since William Rosenberg opened his first restaurant in 1948 as 'Open Kettle', in Quincy, Massachusetts. The name changed to 'Kettle Donuts' in 1949, and the now corporate name 'Dunkin' Donuts' was adopted in 1950. Rosenberg conceived of the idea for the chain after his experiences selling food in factories and at construction sites, where doughnuts and coffee were the two most popular items.〔 Rosenberg sold franchises of Dunkin' Donuts to others as early as 1955. In 1959, the company began growing, which led Rosenberg to lobby for Dunkin' Donuts at the International Franchise Association. In 1963, Rosenberg’s son Robert, assumed leadership of the company at the age of 25, shortly after graduating from Harvard Business School. Robert stewarded the Company for the next 35 years. Over that time period he and a management team comprised of existing executives, franchise owners, and a few college friends began to change the business in some fundamental ways. In 1963, Dunkin’ Donuts opened its 100th location, but the brand was not yet the household name that it is today. The company was known as ‘Universal Food Systems’, a portfolio of 10 small food service businesses, including a vending machine company, industrial catering trucks, a cafeteria division, a delicatessen, a few pancake houses, a 15 cent hamburger chain called ‘Howdy Beef N’ Burger’ and most importantly, a number of Dunkin' Donuts shops. However, at the time, each Dunkin’ Donuts location varied greatly. Some locations had 18 stools, while others were much larger, seating up to 100 customers. The menu varied greatly as well. Some shops served a wide variety of offerings, including eggs, pancakes, hamburgers and hot dogs, while others had a more limited menu, offering just doughnuts and coffee. Over the course of the next 35 years, this team: * Focused all the energy behind the Dunkin' Donuts business and sold or closed the other 9 businesses-changing the name of the Company from Universal Food Systems to Dunkin' Donuts by 1968. * Standardized the menu and the shop format while focusing the new store development in specific markets to better advertise and supervise * Began a new products program starting with the introduction in 1964 of a 10 ounce cup of coffee called “Jumbo Java” and over the years added Munchkins (donut hole treats), muffins, cookies, bagels, croissants, and “Coolata”. * In 1968, Dunkin’ Donuts went “public”, when the company sold stock to the public for the first time. * In the 1970’s, created a unique buying program, which saved franchisees up to 2-3% of sales which the franchisees then invested in a National Advertising Program, which achieved national attention for the brand. * In the 1980’s, they changed the delivery service system by moving away from a 20 stool question mark counter and coffee sold in porcelain cups to a self service system and beverages sold in paper cups. They also changed the concept by expanding beyond the four walls of the shop, to bring products through satellite locations to customers wherever they worked, shopped, traveled or played. They introduced territorial areas for franchise owners to open multiple locations and support small bakery commissaries rather than produce product in each individual store. * In 1990, navigated through a hostile takeover attempt by Knightsbridge Capital, a Canadian financial group, to find a friendly buyer in the United Kingdom, Allied Lyons, a spirits and food company. Among it’s holdings, Allied had owned Baskin Robbins in the United States since the 1970’s. Under Allied, Dunkin' Donuts and Baskin merged operations. * In 1995, the brand was revitalized by shifting the focus from doughnuts to coffee. Robert retired in July of 1998. In the intervening 35 years the Dunkin' Donuts brand had grown from 100 stores and $10 million in system wide sales to 2,500 locations worldwide and over $2 billion in sales. William Rosenberg, the founder, had retired from the company in the mid 1980's and passed away on September 20, 2002, from bladder cancer at the age of 86 in Mashpee, Massachusetts.〔 In 2004, the company's headquarters were relocated to Canton. The following year, four-time James Beard Foundation Award nominee Stan Frankenthaler was appointed the company's debut Executive Chef/Director of Culinary Development. In 2006, Dunkin' Donuts began using the slogan "America Runs on Dunkin" which continues to be used in many advertisement campaigns. In 2008, Dunkin' Donuts opened its first "green" restaurant in St. Petersburg, Florida, that is Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified. The location program includes: worm composting to repurpose such wastes as coffee grounds and paper products into fertilizer for local farms and gardens, water-efficient plumbing fixtures, and the use of well water rather than potable water for all landscape irrigation. On December 10, 2008, Nigel Travis was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Dunkin’ Brands. He also assumed the role of Dunkin’ Donuts President at the end of 2009. In 2010, Dunkin' Donuts' global system-wide sales were $6 billion. In 2011, Dunkin' Donuts ranked first for customer loyalty in the coffee category by Brand Keys for five continuous years. In April 2012, Dunkin' Donuts switched its beverage provider from PepsiCo to The Coca-Cola Company, since rivals increasingly served PepsiCo products in the United States; however, PepsiCo's Gatorade remained on the menu. Canadian restaurants did not switch. In 2012, Dunkin' Donuts launched an application for payment and gifting for iPhone, iPod touch, and Android smartphones. In May 2013, Nigel Travis assumed the role of Chairman of the Board, and Paul Twohig was appointed to President, Dunkin' Donuts U.S. & Canada. Dunkin' Brands was bought by French beverage company Pernod Ricard S.A. from Allied Domecq under the corporate name of Allied Domecq Quick Service Restaurants. Pernod Ricard agreed in December 2005 to sell the Dunkin' Brands to a consortium of three private-equity firms: Bain Capital Partners, the Carlyle Group and Thomas H. Lee Partners. On October 1, 2015, Dunkin' Brands announced that 100 Dunkin' Donuts locations would close. While some analysts showed concern that the company may have expanded too fast, all of the affected locations were owned by Speedway LLC, which were acquired through its acquisition of Hess Corporation's retail operations. The company said it still plans on opening new locations elsewhere, including California.〔http://www.wtae.com/money/dunkin-donuts-to-close-100-stores/35598080?utm_campaign=WTAE-TV%20Pittsburgh&utm_medium=FBPAGE&utm_source=Social〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dunkin' Donuts」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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